Energy security has quickly become one of the UK’s most pressing strategic priorities. Defined as the ability to ensure reliable, affordable and resilient energy supplies, it now sits at the intersection of national security, economic stability and the UK’s transition to net-zero.

Recent global issues have exposed vulnerabilities in traditional energy systems, forcing the UK to rethink how we produce, import and consume energy. For many decades, the UK benefited from domestic North Sea oil and gas, complemented by international energy markets.

However, declining offshore production and increased reliance on imports have left the system more exposed to geopolitical disruption and price volatility. The energy crisis that followed Russia’s invasion of Ukraine starkly illustrated these risks, driving up household bills and placing unprecedented strain on businesses and public services.