Cost model: Football stadiums | Features

Indicative costs of stadium development
	£/m² gross floor area	£/seat
Regional stadium: back-of-house facilities, WCs, concession areas and hospitality:	850 – 1,200	1,000 – 1,700
Regional feature stadium: high quality design, back-of-house facilities, retail, hospitality and conference facilities:	1,200 – 2,000	1,500 – 3,000
National iconic stadium: landmark design, full facilities including retail, hospitality and conferencing:	2,000 – 3,000	2,800 – 5,000
Costs are at 2nd quarter 2004 based on a South East England location. Costs exclude: fitting out, external works, professional fees and VAT.
Gross floor area is calculated by adding the area of seating tiers to the gross internal floor area of the building.

Location Factors
Inner London	1.07
Outer London	1.02
South East	1.00
South West	0.91
East Midlands	0.90
West Midlands	0.93
East Anglia	0.95
Yorkshire & Humberside	0.89
North West	0.91
Northern	0.91
Scotland	0.88
Wales	0.89
Northern Ireland	0.74

REGIONAL STADIUM COST MODEL
	element cost	cost/m² gfa £	% of total cost
Substructure	1,592,200	44.47	5.10%
Excavate and fill site generally to an average depth of 500 mm; disposal; allowance for breaking out 20,000 m² @ 7.00
Ground bearing slabs; excavate to reduced levels; blinding; polythene DPM; hardcore; variable thickness concrete slab with mesh reinforcement; ground beams and lift pits 10,600 m² @ 50.00
Piling and pile caps: 600 mm diameter piles; 15 m deep; complete 10,600 m² @ 57.00
Excavation for column bases / pile caps; 1.5 m deep including reinforced concrete; blinding; reinforcement; formwork; etc. 10,600 m² @ 30.00
Frame	3,798,000	106.09	12.17%
Main fram, structural steel columns, beams, rakers and bracing; tonnage based on allowance of 50 kg/m² 1,800t @ 2,000
Intumescent paint / fireboard and architectural finishes, 18,000 m² @ 11.00
Upper Floors	2,073,000	57.91	6.64%
In situ upper floor slabs to concourse areas; waffle construction with perimeter beam strips 14,000 m² @ 45.00

Precast concrete seating units: supply and erection of precast concrete L units; 15 m long with 875 mm x 475 mm section; stainless steel locating pins; waterproofing 11,100 m² @ 130.00
Roof	4,136,000	115.53	13.26%
Steel frame; grade 50 structual steel main roof structure; high performance paint system; tonnage based on allowance of 68 kg/m², 1,080t @ 2,500
Roof access cat ladders 2 nr @ 1,500
Roof access stairs 2nr @ 3,000
Latchway systems and walkways 680 m @ 115.00
Camera gantries Item @ 12,000
Safety balustrades / handrails 560 m @ 170.00
Roof coverings; roof cladding system to main bowl comprising aluminium standing seam roofing; clear sections and overhangs; complete 15,800 m² @ 70.00
Allowance for canopies Item @ 25,000
Roof drainage: rainwater installations generally 15,800m2 @ 7.00
Stairs	680,000	18.9	92.18%
Allowance for reinforced insitu concrete stairs and landings with power float finish and non-slip inserts to nosings; rates exclude finishes, balustrades and handrails 1,000 m² @ 250.00
Allowance for precast concrete step units; bolted to precast concrete seating units; forming gangway steps Item @ 30,000
Stair balustrades and handrails 2,000 m @ 200.00
External walls, windows and doors	1,352,000	37.77	4.33%
Facing quality blockwork cavity wall to external elevations and bowl elevations to box areas 3,100 m² @ 100.00.
Aluminium profiled sheet cladding including secondary steelwork & insulation 3,300 m @ 170.00
Extra over sheet claddding for double glazed aluminium framed, facetted cladding sysem to walls; structural mullions 250 m² @ 230.00
Extra over sheet cladding for openable single glazed units in metal frames 250 m² @ 300.00
Glazing and glazed doors to executive boxes; aluminium framed double glazed units 450 m² @ 340.00
Galvanised steel weld mesh; 8m x 4m panels, including support steel 1,700 m² @ 115.00
Windows and external doors	200,000	5.59	0.64%
Main entrances: single pane laminated glazed screens; doors and ironmongery 30 nr @ 3,500
Escape doors; double escape doors and frames; ironmongery 20 nr @ 3,500
Shutters; allowance for: power operated security shutters Item @ 25,000
Internal walls and partitions	1,427,000	39.86	4.57%
Insitu concrete walls; 200 mm thick to lift and stair core walls 1,500 m² @ 115.00
Insitu concrete parapets to seating area 700 m² 115.00
Insitu concrete walls; 200 mm thick to vomitories 40 nr @ 3,500.00
Blockwork division walls; average 190mm; including reinforcement and head restraint 15,000 m² @ 50.00
Proprietary vandal resistant metal faced toilet cubicles 300 nr @ 450.00
Allowance for full height glazed screens generally, including screens to hospitality areas and media boxes 150 m² @ 300.00
Front screens and privacy side panels to executive suites/boxes 26 nr @ 4,000
Internal doors	470,000	13.13	1.51%
Single doors and framesets; fire resisting; ironmongery 200 nr @ 900.00
Double doors and framesets; fire resisting; ironmongery 100 nr @ 1,400
Fire shutters to concession/bar fronts 20 nr @ 6,000
Rolling shutters generally 10 nr @ 3,000
Wall Finishes	536,500	14.99	1.72%
Render and tiling 4,000 m² @ 60.00
Plaster and paint 14,400 m² @ 10.00
Plaster and decorative coverings 100 m² @ 85.00
Paint finish on concrete or block walls 36,000 m² @ 4.00
Floor Finishes	439,000	12.26	1.41%
Vinyl sheeting/tiling; levelling screed; skirtings 3,500 m² @ 30.00
Contract grade carpet, levelling screed; skirtings 4,500 m² @ 30.00
Stone/ high quality ceramic tile; levelling screed; skirtings 500 m² @ 110.00
Paint and epoxy finish to concrete slabs; skirtings 16,000 m² @ 6.00
Tiled ceramic flooring, levelling screed; skirtings 800 m² @ 60.00
Ceiling finishes	465,500	13.00	1.49%
Suspended ceilings; mineral fibre 5,100 m² @ 40.00
Plasterboard ceilings; skim cost and decorations; edge trims 3,300 m² @ 30.00
Spray insulation 16,250 m² @ 10.00
Furniture and fittings	1,115,000	31.15	3.58%
Padded upholstered seats; fixed units 21,000 nr @ 20.00
Padded upholstered seats; club seats 4,000 nr @ 25.00
Safety rails and barriers; to fixed seating bowl 1,750 m @ 150.00
Allowance for signs; generally 1 Item @ 100,000
Security and crowd control gates; generally 150 m² @ 750.00
Turnstiles 40 nr @ 3,000
Sanitary appliances	340,000	9.50	1.09%
Sanitary fittings; generally 850 nr @ 400.00
Disposal installations	413,200	11.54	1.32%
Below slab foul drainage; complete system, including allowance for suspension of services below ground slab (area based on Building Footprint) 10,600 m² @ 25.00
Sanitary fittings; IPS; above ground soil and waste installation to toilets, concession areas, locker rooms etc. (area based on gross internal floor area excluding area of seating tiers) 24,700 m² @ 6.00
Water Installations	332,000	9.27	1.06%
Water supply; mains connection; booster set; storage tanks Item @ 85,000
Cold water service; distribution to toilets, concessions, etc. 24,700 m² @ 6.00
Hot water services; local electric heating; service to toilets, concessions, boxes, etc 24,700 m² @ 4.00
Heating with air treatment	1,733,600	48.42	5.56%
Space heating; boilers, flues, pumps; plant room and riser distribution 24,700 m² @ 12.00
Space heating; LTHW heating to public areas generally 10,600 m2 @ 20.00
Localised cooling to hospitality areas; DX units Item @ 160,000
Air treatment and ventilation installations; tempered air distribution only; air handling; supply and extract installations 10,600 m² @ 70.00
Extract installations; extract fans and ductwork to kitchens, toilets etc 2,500 m² @ 70.00
Smoke extract Installations: 24,700 m² @ 6.00
Electrical installations	2,586,500	72.25	8.29%
HV/LV; mains connection; high voltage switchgear; mains switchboard & busbars 24,700m²@9.00
Sub mains distribution; switchboards/distribution boards; mains cabling 24,700 m² @ 5.00
Small power installation 24,700 m² @ 15.00
Power supply to mechanical plant Item @ 50,000
Lighting and luminaires 24,700 m² @ 40.00
Emergency lighting 24,700 m² @ 6.00
Under Roof Lighting 15,800 m² @ 6.00
Seating Bowl Lighting 11,100 m² @ 10.00
Illuminated signs Item @ 50,000
Allowance for external %22feature%22 lighting Item @ 170,000
Containment installations 24,700 m² @ 6.00
Diesel standby generator Item @ 110,000
Gas Installations	30,000	0.84	0.10%
Gas installation to boilers and kitchen Item @ 30,000
Lift installations	240,000	6.70	0.77%
13 Person Lifts 2 nr @ 85,000
Goods Lifts 1 nr @ 70,000
Protective installations	125,000	3.49	0.40%
Hose Reel Installations Item @ 20,000
Dry Riser Installations Item @ 20,000
Lightning protection; earthing installations: Item @ 85,000
Communications installations	1,013,300	28.30	3.25%
Public address and voice alarm system; complete; main bowl PA 24,700 m² @ 15.00
Fire alarm system 24,700 m² @ 12.00
CCTV / security installations 24,700 m² @ 12.00
Allowance for card access and intruder alarm installations Item @ 50,000
Special installations	1,397,000	39.02	4.48%
Floodlighting installaton Item @ 300,000
Playing surface; Fully heated pitch with drainage, irrigation, service ducts etc Item @ 850,000
BMS installation complete 24,700 m² @ 10.00
Builder's work in connection	170,000	4.75	0.55%
Pads, bases, holes, chases, motices, cat ladders, supports, walkways and painting to pipework Item @ 170,000
Preliminaries and contingencies	4,534,000	126.65	14.53%
Contractor’s site establishment and site supervision
Allow 8% Item 2,133,000
Allowance for commissioning management Item 50,000
Contractor’s overheads and profit allow 3% Item @ 865,000
Contingency sum allow 5% Item 1,486,000
Total building costs	31,198,800	871.47	100%