Cost model update, January 2001 | Features | Building

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Car parks - Current construction costs
	Unit size m2/car	Unit cost £/m2 gifa
Surface	20-22	40-55
Surface landscaped	20-24	65-95
Grade and upper level	23-30	135-200
Multistorey flat slab	23-30	200-320
Semi-basement with natural ventilation	25-30	300-380

Industrial buildings - Current construction costs
Unit size m2 gifa	Shell with heating and lighting to office areas only £/m2 gifa	Unit including services to production area £/m2 gifa
500-1000	260-580	480-680
1000-2500	210-500	430-620
greater than 2500	270-500	430-620

Warehouse and distribution centres - Current construction costs
	Unit size (m2)
	2000-10 000 £/m2 gifa	10 000+ £/m2 gifa
Low bay, speculative	220-400	230-300
Low bay, owner-occupied	330-600	300-550

Business park offices - Current construction costs (including developer’s finish)
	Unit size (m2)
	Less than 2000 £/m2 gifa	More than 2000 £/m2 gifa
Functional – non air-conditioned	650-800	600-750
Medium quality – non air-conditioned	700-900	650-850
High quality – air-conditioned	–	850-1200
High quality – mixed mode ventilation, for owner occupiers	–	1150-1600

West End and City offices - Current construction costs (including developer’s finish)
	Low rise £/m2 gifa	Medium rise £/m2 gifa	High rise £/m2 gifa
High-quality speculative offices
air-conditioned	900-1200	1000-1300	–
mixed-mode ventilation	1150-1600	1300-1600	–
High-quality speculative City offices
air-conditioned	–	1500-1800	1650-2200
High-quality owner-occupied City offices (including owner’s fit-out)
air-conditioned	–	1950-2600	2050-3000
Cost of the City of London speculative and owner-occupied offices are based on a City of London location. The speculative office costs are based on a South-east England location

Office fit-out - indicative costs for fit-out of office
	City/West End offices £/m2 nia	Out-of-town offices £/m2 nia
General office space – open plan	490-570	390-440
General office space – part cellular	650-880	490-610
Senior executive offices	1200-1550	720-1000
Meeting areas	650-900	500-650
Conference suites	1350-1700	880-1100
Reception area	1600-2000	950-1200
Back of house/storage	540-640	280-440
Restaurant	1660-2450	1330-1960
Kitchen	2000-2500	1600-2000
Cost of City/West End office fit-outs are based on a central London location. The out-of-town office fit-out costs are based on a South-east England location. All rates are based on net internal floor area. Costs of furniture, IT wiring and equipment are excluded.

Supermarkets - Current construction costs
	Unit cost £/m2 gifa
Shell	250-650
Supermarket fit-out	900-1900
Hypermarket fit-out	900-1300

Shopping centres - Current construction costs
	Unit rate £/m2 gifa
New build shopping centre
mall, comfort-cooled	2500-3500
food court	2800-3600
Retail shells
anchor tenants, capped-off services	600-700
medium/small store units, capped-off services	700-800
service corridors	1300-1600
service yard (surface level only)	800-1000
service yard (basement)	1000-1400
New build factory outlet centre
retail units with enclosed mall	950-1400
retail unit with open mall	430-650
Shopping centre refurbishment
mall, limited scope	800-1250
mall, comprehensive	1200-1750

Leisure centres - Current construction costs
	Indicative area m2 gifa	Unit cost m2 gifa
Dry leisure centre	1000-1500	700-1100
Wet and dry leisure centre	4500-9000	1300-1850
Swimming pool – 25 m long	1800-2500	1100-1850
Swimming pool – 50 m long, international competition standard	n/a	2250-2750
Out-of-town health and fitness club (shell and fit-out, including pool)	3200-4200	900-1350
Leisure centre extension to hotel (shell and fit-out, including pool)	450-800	1300-1950

Theatres - Current construction costs
	£/m2 gifa
Opera house
new build	2850-3500
Large theatre (more than 500 seats)
new build	1800-2700
refurbishment	1100-2000
Studio/workshop theatre
new build	1000-1500

Grandstands and stadia - Current construction costs
	Unit cost £/seat
Basic stand; WCs and concession areas only	300-600
Medium quality stand; WCs, concession areas and limited hospitality	600-1300
High-quality stand; changing facilities, offices, retail, hospitality areas and conference facilities	1300-2500
National stadium; full facilities including retail, hospitality and conferencing; retractable roof and pitch	2500-4000
Indoor arena with permanent ice pad and demountable running track, with 50% retractable seating (Unit costs based on higher seating capacity achieved in ice rink configuration)	4000-4500
Construction cost estimates of stadia, grandstands and arenas should be based on a clear understanding of the cost drivers of a specific scheme. There are many development variables that may not directly be affected by the number of seats. These include: tier arrangement, roof structure, sight lines, building footprint and provision of additional space for hospitality/community use. Estimates prepared on a cost/seat basis without taking into account these variables could be inaccurate.

Schools and colleges - Current construction costs
	Unit rate £/m2 gifa
Classroom blocks	600-1000
Laboratories	800-1050
Craft, design and technology	750-1050
Music	900-1300

Museums and art galleries - Current construction costs
	Unit costs £/m2
International standard art gallery (exc fit-out)	2500+
National standard museum (exc fit-out)	1700+
National standard independent specialist museum (exc fit-out)	1500-2500
Independent commercial art gallery	850-1200
Refurbishment of historic building to create gallery space to international standards	Up to 4000

Libraries and learning resource centres - Current construction costs
	Unit costs £/m2 gifa
Learning resource centres – economical	750-1000
Learning resource centres – high-quality	1000-1400
University and collegiate libraries (inc fittings)	1800-2300
Public libraries	1150-1550

Social housing - Current construction costs
	Unit size m2	Unit cost £/m2 gifa
Terrace, two bed	65	445-705
Semi-detached, three bed	90	500-765
Low-rise flats, two bed	62	590-820
Medium-rise flats, two bed	62	645-900

Private housing - Current construction costs
	£/m2 gifa	£/m2 saleable area
Three- to four-storey villa
Load-bearing construction, limited finishes, low-pressure hot water central heating	900-1050	1075-1250
High-quality multistorey apartments
Framed construction, cladding and curtain walling, multiple core layout, limited finishes, limited comfort cooling, all-electric heating installation	1500-1700	1900-2100
Prestige quality multistorey apartments
Framed construction, high-quality stone and glass curtain walling, multiple core layout, extensive high-quality finishes, comfort cooling throughout, low-pressure hot-water central heating	2100-2300	2560-2750
All costs in this table are based on an inner London location

Hotels - Construction costs (including furniture, fittings and equipment)
	Average gross floor area per room £/m2 gifa	Unit cost £/m2 gifa	Unit cost £000/bedroom
Luxury city-centre hotel
multistorey, conference and wet leisure facilities	70-130	1500-2000	135-200
Business town-centre/provincial hotel
4-6 storeys, conference and wet leisure facilities	70-100	1200-1750	90-130
Mid-range provincial hotel
2-3 storeys, conference and leisure facilities	55-70	1100-1500	55-85
2-3 storeys, bedroom extension	35-45	800-1250	30-45
City-centre aparthotel
4-7 storeys apartments with self-catering facilities	50-60	900-1200	45-75
Budget city-centre hotel (new build)
4-6 storeys, dining and bar facilities	35-45	950-1050	35-50
Budget city-centre hotel (office conversion)
4-6 storeys, excluding dining facilities	32-38	750-1150	22-45
Budget roadside hotel
2- to 3-storey lodge, excluding dining facilities	28-35	850-1050	26-33

Regional variations
Inner London	1.09
Outer London	1.03
South-west England	0.93
East Midlands	0.9
West Midlands	0.9
East Anglia	0.91
Yorkshire and Humberside	0.88
North-west England	0.88
Northern England	0.92
Scotland	0.92
Wales	0.87
Northern Ireland	0.76
The cost breakdown is based on a project in South-east England and should be adjusted by the following location factors for schemes in other regions.